​Pundits have noted that younger generations spend disproportionately on health and wellness services, a $2 trillion global industry. Almost 30 percent of Gen Z and millennial Americans became "a lot more" interested in wellness in 2025 compared to 2024, according to a McKinsey study, suggesting that health and wellness trends will only increase in prominence during the coming years. Numerous health and wellness trends will influence the American public in 2025 and beyond.

Experts believe that the functional nutrition segment of the health and wellness industry will experience significant growth over the next few years. Functional nutrition is an umbrella term that describes food and beverage products that provide an array of physical benefits. Half of American consumers have purchased functional nutrition products within the last 12 months, including 66 percent of Gen Z and millennial Americans. 

As interest in functional nutrition expands, more companies have introduced an increasing number of products, ranging from supplements to fortified foods. Functional nutrition food and beverages may focus on elevating a person's energy levels, improving gut health or immune system responsiveness, or providing muscle, bone, and joint support.

Functional nutrition is an extension of food as preventative medicine, a larger health industry trend. This shift has involved consumers not simply avoiding sugar, gluten, and other unhealthy additives, but actively seeking foods rich in protein, nootropics, and other beneficial properties. While companies may develop novel food and beverage products to meet the public's increased interest in functional nutrition, such as probiotic drinks, many consumers simply want access to fresh fruit and vegetables. Other companies have moved to fill the functional nutrition snack space, with products such as protein-packed potato chips.

Beauty products have played a key role in the wellness industry for many years, and experts do not see that trend ending any time soon, though consumers may sometimes struggle to distinguish the line between cosmetics and wellness products. For example, cosmetic companies such as Sephora have introduced the anti-inflammatory arnica into various skin care products.

Research suggests that Americans, especially younger generations, are particularly interested in ingestible beauty products that facilitate enhanced wellness. Collagen gummies, for example, can help maintain skin, hair, and nail health. Gen Z consumers are more interested in health and wellness products that improve aesthetic appearance than any other generation. One study found that appearance ranked sixth among health priorities for Gen Z Americans in 2023, but jumped to third the following year, suggesting that the beauty segment of the health and wellness industry will experience significant growth over the coming years.

While many consumers remain interested in improving their appearance, they still prioritize leading longer, healthier lives, with up to 60 percent of consumers citing healthy aging as a "top" or "very important" priority. American interest in longevity products has consistently increased over the last few years. Longevity products come in all forms, from ingestibles designed to prevent chronic disease to tools meant to help seniors maintain their independence later in life. Other products help Americans of all ages keep their energy levels up so that they can lead healthy, fulfilling lives.

A relatively new health and wellness trend involves wellness travel. Americans have long valued in-person experiences, including boutique fitness facilities, but have grown more interested in wellness retreats. Nearly 60 percent of Americans who purchased in-person services have traveled two hours or more to attend wellness retreats, while 45 percent of people travel the same amount for specialized yoga classes or unique therapeutic services.

Lastly, researchers believe that weight management products will continue to shape the health and wellness industry. Weight management is particularly important in the US, with about 74 percent of Americans qualifying as overweight or obese, according to the National Institutes of Health.

​Stem cells, located in almost all tissues in the body, can make new cells just like themselves (self-renew), making them integral to the body’s natural repair processes. Stem cells also have the unique ability to regenerate into different types of cells. Unlike specialized cells, such as muscle or nerve cells, that have fixed roles, stem cells can divide into more than 200 kinds of specialized cells.

While there are several criteria that scientists follow to classify stem cells, the most common is by their source. According to this methodology, there are three types: embryonic, adult, and induced pluripotent stem cells.

Embryonic stem cells are in early-stage embryos. They are pluripotent, which means they can develop into any cell in the human body. This broad flexibility has enormous medical potential. Doctors attain the stem cells through donated cord blood and embryos from in vitro fertilization.

Adult stem cells are in various tissues, such as bone marrow. These cells are more limited in capability because they generally develop into the cells of the tissue from which they come. For example, stem cells in bone marrow make only blood cells and platelets; they cannot make liver or lung stem cells. Researchers obtain these cells from donated tissues.

Induced pluripotent stem cells are ordinary adult cells transformed into stem cells through genetic reprogramming. Researchers create these cells in the laboratory, and they behave like embryonic stem cells.

Scientists use stem cells in various research applications, with regenerative medicine a leading one. Scientists exploit the unique regenerative abilities of stem cells to develop treatments for conditions once thought incurable. Doctors are developing methods to transform stem cells into specific cells that they can implant into damaged organs to stimulate tissue repair and regeneration. Scientists hope to develop regenerative therapies for type 1 diabetes, heart failure, osteoarthritis, and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s.

Not everything about stem cell therapy is prospective. Some therapies are already in use. Surgeons use stem cell transplants to treat patients with blood cancers (leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma) and blood disorders (sickle cell anemia) in which patients have damaged bone marrow. Surgeons also transplant stem cells into bone marrow to replace lost cells.

Stem cells are also invaluable for understanding human development and diseases. By observing how stem cells grow and differentiate, scientists gain insight into how tissues form and how errors in this process can lead to cancer or congenital disabilities. Laboratory-grown stem cells can model diseases, enabling researchers to study how illnesses progress at the cellular level and to screen new drugs with greater precision than possible with animal testing, speeding up medical discoveries and reducing reliance on methods that may not fully predict human responses.

Despite the promise, challenges remain. One major hurdle is ensuring that stem cell therapies are safe and effective. For instance, immune rejection is a pertinent risk in stem cell transplantation. In immune rejection, a patient’s body attacks transplanted cells, perceiving them as foreign. Advances in induced pluripotent stem cells may help overcome this problem by allowing doctors to create stem cells from a patient’s own tissue, reducing the risk of rejection. Additionally, the large-scale production of stem cells that meet medical standards remains technically challenging and expensive, limiting their widespread use.

The field of stem cell science is still evolving, but its potential is vast. From regenerating damaged tissues to advancing drug development, stem cells hold the possibility of transforming medicine in once unimaginable ways.

​Smart home platforms act as the central connection point for a wide range of devices, from lighting and climate controls to security systems and household appliances. They combine hardware hubs with software ecosystems to manage communication across this mix. Adding a new device type or adopting a fresh communication standard can significantly expand the system’s capabilities.

These devices operate on established protocols such as Zigbee, Z-Wave, Thread, and the newer Matter standard. Some are wireless mesh systems, while others are IP-based, but all aim to standardize how devices communicate. Each protocol specifies how devices present themselves, exchange information, and respond to control signals. Introducing a new protocol can extend a platform’s reach, but it also risks creating compatibility problems if older devices no longer align with the updated environment.

Platforms add protocol support in several ways. Software updates to a mobile app or firmware changes to a hub can unlock new capabilities without requiring new hardware. In other cases, the update calls for a hub with additional radio components, making a hardware change unavoidable. Careful sequencing of these updates helps avoid disruptions and keeps the system online during the transition.

Maintaining compatibility is essential to any integration plan. Many platforms continue running older protocol stacks alongside newer ones so that legacy devices remain operational. They may also employ compatibility modes and layered network architectures, similar to keeping different lanes for different types of traffic—approaches that translate between old and new device languages and keep communication layers separated so updates do not interfere with existing devices.

Work with device manufacturers starts well before an update reaches users. Coordination may involve joint protocol testing sessions, shared certification tools, and early firmware reviews. New products are submitted for certification and tested against a platform’s requirements and security benchmarks. Addressing any issues in this stage reduces the risk of incompatibility once the update goes live.

From a user’s standpoint, adding a device should be straightforward. Platforms often rely on QR code scanning, automatic network detection, or guided setup wizards to prevent incorrect pairing or the loss of important features. These onboarding steps are refined over time, aiming to shorten the process while making sure the device is recognized correctly and connected to the right functions.

Security checks run alongside functional tests. Firmware is verified through cryptographic signatures before installation, and updates travel through secure channels. Devices must meet baseline encryption and authentication standards before joining the network.

Testing environments replicate household conditions to verify that new integrations work across all device types in a system. Quality assurance teams run regression tests that combine devices of different ages and protocols under varying loads, exposing any potential conflicts—such as latency spikes or failed commands—before they reach real-world users.

Integration can also influence how personal data is handled. Protocols like Matter emphasize local control, reducing the need for cloud transmission. When a new device or capability changes how data is collected, stored, or shared, platforms update privacy policies and adjust consent processes accordingly.

Performance monitoring continues after deployment. Automated diagnostics watch for unusual activity, such as repeated command failures or unexpected device disconnects, and user feedback channels make it easier to report problems. This post-launch oversight works hand-in-hand with pre-launch manufacturer collaboration to create a full lifecycle approach to reliability.

The goal is to broaden device support without compromising trust or performance. By blending protocol expertise, vendor cooperation, thorough testing, and solid security measures, platforms can expand capabilities while keeping older devices in service. This balance ensures that growth in the smart home sector benefits both early adopters and new customers.

​Technology speaks in tones as much as it does in visuals. The soft chime of a text, the confirmation beep after a tap-to-pay, or the short cue before a voice assistant responds all serve a purpose. These sounds, though often subtle, are designed with intention. They help people navigate devices, reinforcing actions, guiding attention, and expressing brand identity, all without needing a screen.

Sound provides instant feedback. A low battery alert or payment confirmation tone delivers clear information quickly and reliably. In settings where screens can't be the focus, such as while driving or cooking, these audio signals become essential. They're crafted not just to be heard but to be understood right away.

The emotional role of sound matters, too. The pitch, tempo, or rhythm of a tone can influence how people feel about an interaction. A bright, rising tone might reassure. A low, abrupt sound could signal urgency. Research shows that well-designed audio can reduce mental effort and improve how efficiently tasks are completed. The right sound reassures users that things are working as expected.

Voice assistants take this further. Their responses depend on both what they say and how they sound. A brief cue before they speak sets expectations and builds rhythm in the exchange. These tones aren't filler. They guide users through options and help keep interactions smooth. Studies in voice interface design point to their importance in making conversations with machines feel natural.

Brands use sound to leave a lasting impression. A startup chime can trigger instant recognition, just like a logo or slogan. Think of Intel's familiar tone or Netflix's opening sound. These short sequences are composed with care to reflect a brand's identity and mood. They're tested across cultures and devices to make sure they resonate, no matter the context.

Consistency across platforms matters. When a user hears the same alert tone on a phone, tablet, or speaker, it builds trust. Familiar sounds make technology feel more seamless. This uniformity reduces confusion and reinforces reliability.

Sound also improves accessibility. For users with limited vision, auditory signals deliver key information about device status and navigation. Clarity, volume, and pacing are vital. Well-spaced cues support those who process sensory input more slowly, ensuring everyone can follow changes in real time. These design choices open access to more inclusive experiences.

Yet not all sound improves the experience. Poorly timed or excessive audio cues can overwhelm or frustrate. An interface that chirps at every step risks becoming noise instead of guidance. Designers must strike a balance. There must be enough sound to inform, but not so much that it distracts or annoys. Tailoring volume, tone, and frequency to different environments helps avoid overload.

New technologies are deepening how sound fits into daily life. Smart systems in homes and cars now adjust tones based on context. A car might chime when lane departure is detected or cruise control is activated, offering subtle but important feedback. These adaptive audio designs aim to make environments safer, more comfortable, and more responsive.

The sounds embedded in everyday devices aren't random. They are chosen with purpose. Whether guiding an action, reinforcing trust, or defining a brand, sound design plays a vital role. As interfaces grow more complex and more embedded in daily life, thoughtful use of sound will remain essential in shaping how people understand and engage with technology.

​Restaurant operations have moved beyond basic automation. Technology drives efficiency across kitchens, customer experiences, and financial systems. Success hinges on how well restaurants adopt tools that deliver speed, consistency, and actionable insights.

Shifting expectations from diners are fueling these changes. Customers want fast, accurate service tailored to their preferences, whether they order at the counter, through an app, or on a delivery platform. Meeting those expectations while controlling costs and maintaining quality requires smart systems and coordination.

Point-of-sale (POS) networks serve as the central nervous systems of modern food service. Today’s platforms track sales, inventory, and staffing needs in real time. With integrated payments, order management, and detailed reporting, POS systems reduce errors, keep operations running smoothly, and create a unified data stream, allowing managers to spot inefficiencies and respond quickly.

Customer loyalty tools have evolved as well. Mobile apps and rewards programs help restaurants personalize promotions and gather valuable data without heavy ad spending. The results are more repeat business, stronger customer relationships, and higher lifetime value. These tools also help small restaurants stand out by delivering personalized service that builds trust.

Inventory technology adds another layer of efficiency. Managers use digital tools to monitor ingredient usage, vendor pricing, and stock levels in real time. Predictive ordering features alert teams when supplies run low, helping reduce waste and avoid last-minute disruptions.

Packaging has become a strategic asset, especially as delivery and takeout grow. Restaurants are adopting tamper-evident, heat-retaining, and sustainable materials that protect food quality while reflecting brand values. Better packaging raises customer satisfaction and reduces refunds due to presentation or leakage.

Training and communication have also gone digital. Structured onboarding modules help new employees get up to speed faster, ensuring consistent training across locations. Team messaging and mobile scheduling tools keep everyone aligned, reducing miscommunication and unplanned absences.

Digital kitchen display systems (KDS) are replacing traditional ticket printers in many kitchens. These displays provide live order updates, improve coordination between the front and back of the house, and boost speed during peak hours. Faster execution often leads to higher guest satisfaction and quicker table turnover. KDS platforms also offer real-time analytics, helping managers identify bottlenecks and optimize kitchen workflows.

Data analytics helps restaurants move from reactive to proactive management. By tracking sales patterns, labor trends, and guest behavior, managers can fine-tune menus, forecast staffing needs, and identify growth opportunities. Data-driven strategies lead to resilient and responsive operations.

Self-order kiosks are redefining fast-casual dining. Guests can place their orders, customize meals, and skip the line while reducing labor demands. These systems also improve accuracy and free staff to focus on other service needs.

Scheduling software is another valuable addition. Dynamic platforms adjust staffing based on demand forecasts, labor costs, and even weather patterns. For operators, smart scheduling means better labor efficiency and fewer last-minute changes.

Looking ahead, artificial intelligence will shape the kitchen. Smart sensors, robotic equipment, and AI-powered inventory systems will offer new ways to reduce waste and manage complexity at scale. These tools will help restaurants maintain consistency during high-volume periods without sacrificing quality.

The connection between technology, efficiency, and customer satisfaction has never been clearer. Restaurants that embrace innovations see better margins, smoother operations, and more guest loyalty.

​Song Exploder is a podcast that provides listeners with insights into the songwriting process. Songwriters sit down with creator and host Hrishikesh Hirway to discuss the creation of a single song. They provide relevant biographical information before detailing the writing, demoing, recording, and performing processes. Song Exploder is the perfect podcast for aspiring songwriters interested in traditional pop song structures, as well as songs that connect with listeners despite eschewing traditional songwriting formats.

While the term "pop music" is often associated with specific genres, such as bubblegum pop, the term actually means "popular music" and can be applied to any genre, musical act, or song that has been designed with a mainstream listenership in mind. The Beatles, for example, are often cited as one of the most successful and influential pop groups of all time, even though their discography encompasses a wide range of rock, folk, and experimental genres. Over the last few decades, rock and roll, rap, hip-hop, and electronic dance music have all enjoyed success as popular mainstream genres.

In the early days of pop music, virtually every song followed the AABA format. Songs using this format begin with a verse, followed by a nearly identical verse with a few lyrical changes. The song then segues into a contrasting section, before culminating with a final verse that is very similar or identical to the opening verses. Elvis Presley and the Beatles recorded many songs using this format, such as "Yesterday" and "From Me to You." Although the format has fallen out of fashion, more modern songs that use the AABA format include "Friday I'm in Love" by the Cure and "Don't Know Why" by Norah Jones.

Pop music gradually shifted to a structure more familiar to modern audiences, known as the verse-chorus structure. These songs begin with a verse followed by a chorus. Also known as refrains and hooks, choruses typically feature a song's catchiest, most memorable melodies. The first chorus is followed by another verse and chorus.

Unlike in the AABA format, second verses in verse-chorus-structured songs are usually notably different from the opening verse. They typically contain all-new lyrics and may feature different musical arrangements, such as a drop verse. A drop verse peels away several layers of instrumentation and production, allowing the following chorus to sound bigger than the first chorus.

Almost as soon as musicians such as Michael Jackson popularized the verse-chorus format, artists began experimenting with it. Some artists would follow the second chorus with a brief musical interlude, followed by a final chorus or a double chorus section. Other artists composed an entirely new section after the second chorus, often referred to as a bridge. As radio stations began playing longer songs, artists would include third verses after the bridge and before the final chorus, with songs ending with some kind of outro.

Other notable pop songs embrace structures that are harder to describe. Queen's "Bohemian Rhapsody" begins with a lengthy acapella introduction followed by multiple ballad verses that last for several minutes. The song then transitions into a multipart operatic passage, a hard rock section, and finally a coda. The coda echoes certain previous elements of the song, but for the most part, "Bohemian Rhapsody" does not repeat any sections or feature a recognizable chorus.

"Stay (I Missed You)" by Lisa Loeb, one of the most successful independently released pop songs of all time, similarly does not repeat sections. This contrasts with Frank Ocean's popular R&B song "Nights," which begins with a lengthy verse, followed by a brief experimental interlude, before culminating with another extended verse that is sonically, lyrically, and tonally completely different from the first verse.